MozartV1, PascalFrancis, Corpus, bibRecord, 000184

Evaluation of CO simulations and the analysis of the CO budget for Europe

Identifieur interne : 000184 ( PascalFrancis/Corpus ); précédent : 000183; suivant : 000185

Evaluation of CO simulations and the analysis of the CO budget for Europe

Auteurs : G. Pfister ; G. Petron ; L. K. Emmons ; J. C. Gille ; D. P. Edwards ; J.-F. Lamarque ; J.-L. Attie ; C. Granier ; P. C. Novelli

Source :

Journal of geophysical research [ 0148-0227 ] ; 2004.

RBID : Pascal:04-0595264

Descripteurs français

Pascal (Inist)
- Simulation, Europe, Indicateur, Transport, Polluant, Troposphère, Monde, Concentration, Modèle, Problème inverse, Pollution, Télédétection, Instrumentation, Asie, Amérique du Nord, Feu végétation, Facteur anthropique, Altitude.

English descriptors

KwdEn :
- Anthropogenic factor, Asia, Europe, North America, Vegetation fire, altitude, concentration, global, indicators, instruments, inverse problem, models, pollutants, pollution, remote sensing, simulation, transport, troposphere.

Abstract

CO is a well-suited indicator for the transport of pollutants in the troposphere on a regional and global scale. For the study presented here, simulations of CO concentrations from a global chemistry transport model (MOZART-2), with the CO being tagged according to the emission type and the source region, have been used to diagnose the contributions of different processes and regions to the CO burden over Europe. Model simulations have been performed with both a priori emissions and an optimized set of CO surface emissions derived from the inversion of CO retrievals of the Measurements of Pollution in the Troposphere (MOPITT) remote sensing instrument. The annual mean difference between the modeled and the observed CO at 850 hPa over Europe is -38 ± 13 ppb with the a priori set of emissions and -7 ± 7 ppb when the optimized emissions are employed in the model. The general difficulties arising from an intercomparison of remote sensing data with model simulations are discussed. Besides data from MOPITT, ground-based CO measurements have been employed in the evaluation of the model and its emissions. The comparisons show that the model represents the background conditions as well as large-scale transport relatively well. The budget analysis reveals the predominant impact of the European emissions on CO concentrations near the surface, and a strong impact of sources from Asia and North America on the CO burden in the free troposphere over Europe. On average, the largest contribution (67%) to the anthropogenic (fossil and biofuel sources, biomass burning) CO at the surface originates from regional anthropogenic sources, but further significant impact is evident from North America (14%) and Asia (15%). With increasing altitude, anthropogenic CO from Asia and North America gains in importance, reaching maximum contributions of 32% for North American CO at 500 hPa and 50% for Asian CO at 200 hPa. The impact of European emissions weakens with increasing altitude (8% at 500 hPa).

Notice en format standard (ISO 2709)

Pour connaître la documentation sur le format Inist Standard.

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Format Inist (serveur)

NO :	PASCAL 04-0595264 INIST
ET :	Evaluation of CO simulations and the analysis of the CO budget for Europe
AU :	PFISTER (G.); PETRON (G.); EMMONS (L. K.); GILLE (J. C.); EDWARDS (D. P.); LAMARQUE (J.-F.); ATTIE (J.-L.); GRANIER (C.); NOVELLI (P. C.)
AF :	Atmospheric Chemistry Division, National Center for Atmospheric Research/Boulder, Colorado/Etats-Unis (1 aut., 2 aut., 3 aut., 4 aut., 5 aut., 6 aut.); Institute for Geophysics, Astrophysics, and Meteorology, University of Graz/Graz/Autriche (1 aut.); Advanced Study Program, National Center for Atmospheric Research/Boulder, Colorado/Etats-Unis (2 aut.); Service d'Aéronomie, Université Paris 6/Paris/France (2 aut., 8 aut.); Laboratoire d'Aerologie, Observatoire Midi Pyrénées/Toulouse/France (7 aut.); CIRES/NOAA Aeronomy Laboratory/Boulder, Colorado/Etats-Unis (8 aut.); Max-Planck-lnstitut für Meteorologie/Hamburg/Allemagne (8 aut.); NOAA Climate Monitoring and Diagnostics Laboratory/Boulder, Colorado/Etats-Unis (9 aut.)
DT :	Publication en série; Niveau analytique
SO :	Journal of geophysical research; ISSN 0148-0227; Etats-Unis; Da. 2004; Vol. 109; No. D19; D19304.1-D19304.14; Bibl. 37 ref.
LA :	Anglais
EA :	CO is a well-suited indicator for the transport of pollutants in the troposphere on a regional and global scale. For the study presented here, simulations of CO concentrations from a global chemistry transport model (MOZART-2), with the CO being tagged according to the emission type and the source region, have been used to diagnose the contributions of different processes and regions to the CO burden over Europe. Model simulations have been performed with both a priori emissions and an optimized set of CO surface emissions derived from the inversion of CO retrievals of the Measurements of Pollution in the Troposphere (MOPITT) remote sensing instrument. The annual mean difference between the modeled and the observed CO at 850 hPa over Europe is -38 ± 13 ppb with the a priori set of emissions and -7 ± 7 ppb when the optimized emissions are employed in the model. The general difficulties arising from an intercomparison of remote sensing data with model simulations are discussed. Besides data from MOPITT, ground-based CO measurements have been employed in the evaluation of the model and its emissions. The comparisons show that the model represents the background conditions as well as large-scale transport relatively well. The budget analysis reveals the predominant impact of the European emissions on CO concentrations near the surface, and a strong impact of sources from Asia and North America on the CO burden in the free troposphere over Europe. On average, the largest contribution (67%) to the anthropogenic (fossil and biofuel sources, biomass burning) CO at the surface originates from regional anthropogenic sources, but further significant impact is evident from North America (14%) and Asia (15%). With increasing altitude, anthropogenic CO from Asia and North America gains in importance, reaching maximum contributions of 32% for North American CO at 500 hPa and 50% for Asian CO at 200 hPa. The impact of European emissions weakens with increasing altitude (8% at 500 hPa).
CC :	220; 001E
FD :	Simulation; Europe; Indicateur; Transport; Polluant; Troposphère; Monde; Concentration; Modèle; Problème inverse; Pollution; Télédétection; Instrumentation; Asie; Amérique du Nord; Feu végétation; Facteur anthropique; Altitude
ED :	simulation; Europe; indicators; transport; pollutants; troposphere; global; concentration; models; inverse problem; pollution; remote sensing; instruments; Asia; North America; Vegetation fire; Anthropogenic factor; altitude
SD :	Simulación; Europa; Transporte; Contaminante; Mundo; Concentración; Modelo; Problema inverso; Polución; Detección a distancia; Instrumentación; Asia; America del norte; Fuego vegetación; Factor antrópico; Altitud
LO :	INIST-3144.354000122551970460
ID :	04-0595264

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Le document en format XML

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<sZ>1 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>2 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>3 aut.</sZ>
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<affiliation><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Atmospheric Chemistry Division, National Center for Atmospheric Research</s1>
<s2>Boulder, Colorado</s2>
<s3>USA</s3>
<sZ>1 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>2 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>3 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>4 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>5 aut.</sZ>
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<author><name sortKey="Attie, J L" sort="Attie, J L" uniqKey="Attie J" first="J.-L." last="Attie">J.-L. Attie</name>
<affiliation><inist:fA14 i1="05"><s1>Laboratoire d'Aerologie, Observatoire Midi Pyrénées</s1>
<s2>Toulouse</s2>
<s3>FRA</s3>
<sZ>7 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Granier, C" sort="Granier, C" uniqKey="Granier C" first="C." last="Granier">C. Granier</name>
<affiliation><inist:fA14 i1="04"><s1>Service d'Aéronomie, Université Paris 6</s1>
<s2>Paris</s2>
<s3>FRA</s3>
<sZ>2 aut.</sZ>
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<s2>Boulder, Colorado</s2>
<s3>USA</s3>
<sZ>8 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
</affiliation>
<affiliation><inist:fA14 i1="07"><s1>Max-Planck-lnstitut für Meteorologie</s1>
<s2>Hamburg</s2>
<s3>DEU</s3>
<sZ>8 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Novelli, P C" sort="Novelli, P C" uniqKey="Novelli P" first="P. C." last="Novelli">P. C. Novelli</name>
<affiliation><inist:fA14 i1="08"><s1>NOAA Climate Monitoring and Diagnostics Laboratory</s1>
<s2>Boulder, Colorado</s2>
<s3>USA</s3>
<sZ>9 aut.</sZ>
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</affiliation>
</author>
</analytic>
<series><title level="j" type="main">Journal of geophysical research</title>
<title level="j" type="abbreviated">J. geophys. res.</title>
<idno type="ISSN">0148-0227</idno>
<imprint><date when="2004">2004</date>
</imprint>
</series>
</biblStruct>
</sourceDesc>
<seriesStmt><title level="j" type="main">Journal of geophysical research</title>
<title level="j" type="abbreviated">J. geophys. res.</title>
<idno type="ISSN">0148-0227</idno>
</seriesStmt>
</fileDesc>
<profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Anthropogenic factor</term>
<term>Asia</term>
<term>Europe</term>
<term>North America</term>
<term>Vegetation fire</term>
<term>altitude</term>
<term>concentration</term>
<term>global</term>
<term>indicators</term>
<term>instruments</term>
<term>inverse problem</term>
<term>models</term>
<term>pollutants</term>
<term>pollution</term>
<term>remote sensing</term>
<term>simulation</term>
<term>transport</term>
<term>troposphere</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="Pascal" xml:lang="fr"><term>Simulation</term>
<term>Europe</term>
<term>Indicateur</term>
<term>Transport</term>
<term>Polluant</term>
<term>Troposphère</term>
<term>Monde</term>
<term>Concentration</term>
<term>Modèle</term>
<term>Problème inverse</term>
<term>Pollution</term>
<term>Télédétection</term>
<term>Instrumentation</term>
<term>Asie</term>
<term>Amérique du Nord</term>
<term>Feu végétation</term>
<term>Facteur anthropique</term>
<term>Altitude</term>
</keywords>
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">CO is a well-suited indicator for the transport of pollutants in the troposphere on a regional and global scale. For the study presented here, simulations of CO concentrations from a global chemistry transport model (MOZART-2), with the CO being tagged according to the emission type and the source region, have been used to diagnose the contributions of different processes and regions to the CO burden over Europe. Model simulations have been performed with both a priori emissions and an optimized set of CO surface emissions derived from the inversion of CO retrievals of the Measurements of Pollution in the Troposphere (MOPITT) remote sensing instrument. The annual mean difference between the modeled and the observed CO at 850 hPa over Europe is -38 ± 13 ppb with the a priori set of emissions and -7 ± 7 ppb when the optimized emissions are employed in the model. The general difficulties arising from an intercomparison of remote sensing data with model simulations are discussed. Besides data from MOPITT, ground-based CO measurements have been employed in the evaluation of the model and its emissions. The comparisons show that the model represents the background conditions as well as large-scale transport relatively well. The budget analysis reveals the predominant impact of the European emissions on CO concentrations near the surface, and a strong impact of sources from Asia and North America on the CO burden in the free troposphere over Europe. On average, the largest contribution (67%) to the anthropogenic (fossil and biofuel sources, biomass burning) CO at the surface originates from regional anthropogenic sources, but further significant impact is evident from North America (14%) and Asia (15%). With increasing altitude, anthropogenic CO from Asia and North America gains in importance, reaching maximum contributions of 32% for North American CO at 500 hPa and 50% for Asian CO at 200 hPa. The impact of European emissions weakens with increasing altitude (8% at 500 hPa).</div>
</front>
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<fA08 i1="01" i2="1" l="ENG"><s1>Evaluation of CO simulations and the analysis of the CO budget for Europe</s1>
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<fA11 i1="01" i2="1"><s1>PFISTER (G.)</s1>
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<sZ>1 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>2 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>3 aut.</sZ>
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<fA14 i1="02"><s1>Institute for Geophysics, Astrophysics, and Meteorology, University of Graz</s1>
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<s3>AUT</s3>
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<s2>Boulder, Colorado</s2>
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<sZ>2 aut.</sZ>
</fA14>
<fA14 i1="04"><s1>Service d'Aéronomie, Université Paris 6</s1>
<s2>Paris</s2>
<s3>FRA</s3>
<sZ>2 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>8 aut.</sZ>
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<fA14 i1="05"><s1>Laboratoire d'Aerologie, Observatoire Midi Pyrénées</s1>
<s2>Toulouse</s2>
<s3>FRA</s3>
<sZ>7 aut.</sZ>
</fA14>
<fA14 i1="06"><s1>CIRES/NOAA Aeronomy Laboratory</s1>
<s2>Boulder, Colorado</s2>
<s3>USA</s3>
<sZ>8 aut.</sZ>
</fA14>
<fA14 i1="07"><s1>Max-Planck-lnstitut für Meteorologie</s1>
<s2>Hamburg</s2>
<s3>DEU</s3>
<sZ>8 aut.</sZ>
</fA14>
<fA14 i1="08"><s1>NOAA Climate Monitoring and Diagnostics Laboratory</s1>
<s2>Boulder, Colorado</s2>
<s3>USA</s3>
<sZ>9 aut.</sZ>
</fA14>
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<fA60><s1>P</s1>
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<fC01 i1="01" l="ENG"><s0>CO is a well-suited indicator for the transport of pollutants in the troposphere on a regional and global scale. For the study presented here, simulations of CO concentrations from a global chemistry transport model (MOZART-2), with the CO being tagged according to the emission type and the source region, have been used to diagnose the contributions of different processes and regions to the CO burden over Europe. Model simulations have been performed with both a priori emissions and an optimized set of CO surface emissions derived from the inversion of CO retrievals of the Measurements of Pollution in the Troposphere (MOPITT) remote sensing instrument. The annual mean difference between the modeled and the observed CO at 850 hPa over Europe is -38 ± 13 ppb with the a priori set of emissions and -7 ± 7 ppb when the optimized emissions are employed in the model. The general difficulties arising from an intercomparison of remote sensing data with model simulations are discussed. Besides data from MOPITT, ground-based CO measurements have been employed in the evaluation of the model and its emissions. The comparisons show that the model represents the background conditions as well as large-scale transport relatively well. The budget analysis reveals the predominant impact of the European emissions on CO concentrations near the surface, and a strong impact of sources from Asia and North America on the CO burden in the free troposphere over Europe. On average, the largest contribution (67%) to the anthropogenic (fossil and biofuel sources, biomass burning) CO at the surface originates from regional anthropogenic sources, but further significant impact is evident from North America (14%) and Asia (15%). With increasing altitude, anthropogenic CO from Asia and North America gains in importance, reaching maximum contributions of 32% for North American CO at 500 hPa and 50% for Asian CO at 200 hPa. The impact of European emissions weakens with increasing altitude (8% at 500 hPa).</s0>
</fC01>
<fC02 i1="01" i2="2"><s0>220</s0>
</fC02>
<fC02 i1="02" i2="3"><s0>001E</s0>
</fC02>
<fC03 i1="01" i2="2" l="FRE"><s0>Simulation</s0>
<s5>06</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="01" i2="2" l="ENG"><s0>simulation</s0>
<s5>06</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="01" i2="2" l="SPA"><s0>Simulación</s0>
<s5>06</s5>
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<fC03 i1="02" i2="2" l="FRE"><s0>Europe</s0>
<s5>07</s5>
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<s5>07</s5>
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<s5>07</s5>
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<fC03 i1="03" i2="2" l="FRE"><s0>Indicateur</s0>
<s5>08</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="03" i2="2" l="ENG"><s0>indicators</s0>
<s5>08</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="04" i2="2" l="FRE"><s0>Transport</s0>
<s5>09</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="04" i2="2" l="ENG"><s0>transport</s0>
<s5>09</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="04" i2="2" l="SPA"><s0>Transporte</s0>
<s5>09</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="05" i2="2" l="FRE"><s0>Polluant</s0>
<s5>10</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="05" i2="2" l="ENG"><s0>pollutants</s0>
<s5>10</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="05" i2="2" l="SPA"><s0>Contaminante</s0>
<s5>10</s5>
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<fC03 i1="06" i2="2" l="FRE"><s0>Troposphère</s0>
<s5>11</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="06" i2="2" l="ENG"><s0>troposphere</s0>
<s5>11</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="07" i2="2" l="FRE"><s0>Monde</s0>
<s5>12</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="07" i2="2" l="ENG"><s0>global</s0>
<s5>12</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="07" i2="2" l="SPA"><s0>Mundo</s0>
<s5>12</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="08" i2="2" l="FRE"><s0>Concentration</s0>
<s5>13</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="08" i2="2" l="ENG"><s0>concentration</s0>
<s5>13</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="08" i2="2" l="SPA"><s0>Concentración</s0>
<s5>13</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="09" i2="2" l="FRE"><s0>Modèle</s0>
<s5>14</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="09" i2="2" l="ENG"><s0>models</s0>
<s5>14</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="09" i2="2" l="SPA"><s0>Modelo</s0>
<s5>14</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="10" i2="2" l="FRE"><s0>Problème inverse</s0>
<s5>15</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="10" i2="2" l="ENG"><s0>inverse problem</s0>
<s5>15</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="10" i2="2" l="SPA"><s0>Problema inverso</s0>
<s5>15</s5>
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<fC03 i1="11" i2="2" l="FRE"><s0>Pollution</s0>
<s5>16</s5>
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<s5>16</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="11" i2="2" l="SPA"><s0>Polución</s0>
<s5>16</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="12" i2="2" l="FRE"><s0>Télédétection</s0>
<s5>17</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="12" i2="2" l="ENG"><s0>remote sensing</s0>
<s5>17</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="12" i2="2" l="SPA"><s0>Detección a distancia</s0>
<s5>17</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="13" i2="2" l="FRE"><s0>Instrumentation</s0>
<s5>18</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="13" i2="2" l="ENG"><s0>instruments</s0>
<s5>18</s5>
</fC03>
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<s5>18</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="14" i2="2" l="FRE"><s0>Asie</s0>
<s5>19</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="14" i2="2" l="ENG"><s0>Asia</s0>
<s5>19</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="14" i2="2" l="SPA"><s0>Asia</s0>
<s5>19</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="15" i2="2" l="FRE"><s0>Amérique du Nord</s0>
<s5>20</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="15" i2="2" l="ENG"><s0>North America</s0>
<s5>20</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="15" i2="2" l="SPA"><s0>America del norte</s0>
<s5>20</s5>
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<fC03 i1="16" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Feu végétation</s0>
<s5>21</s5>
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<fC03 i1="16" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Vegetation fire</s0>
<s5>21</s5>
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<s5>21</s5>
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<s5>22</s5>
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<s5>22</s5>
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<s5>23</s5>
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<s5>23</s5>
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<fC03 i1="18" i2="2" l="SPA"><s0>Altitud</s0>
<s5>23</s5>
</fC03>
<fN21><s1>341</s1>
</fN21>
<fN44 i1="01"><s1>OTO</s1>
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<server><NO>PASCAL 04-0595264 INIST</NO>
<ET>Evaluation of CO simulations and the analysis of the CO budget for Europe</ET>
<AU>PFISTER (G.); PETRON (G.); EMMONS (L. K.); GILLE (J. C.); EDWARDS (D. P.); LAMARQUE (J.-F.); ATTIE (J.-L.); GRANIER (C.); NOVELLI (P. C.)</AU>
<AF>Atmospheric Chemistry Division, National Center for Atmospheric Research/Boulder, Colorado/Etats-Unis (1 aut., 2 aut., 3 aut., 4 aut., 5 aut., 6 aut.); Institute for Geophysics, Astrophysics, and Meteorology, University of Graz/Graz/Autriche (1 aut.); Advanced Study Program, National Center for Atmospheric Research/Boulder, Colorado/Etats-Unis (2 aut.); Service d'Aéronomie, Université Paris 6/Paris/France (2 aut., 8 aut.); Laboratoire d'Aerologie, Observatoire Midi Pyrénées/Toulouse/France (7 aut.); CIRES/NOAA Aeronomy Laboratory/Boulder, Colorado/Etats-Unis (8 aut.); Max-Planck-lnstitut für Meteorologie/Hamburg/Allemagne (8 aut.); NOAA Climate Monitoring and Diagnostics Laboratory/Boulder, Colorado/Etats-Unis (9 aut.)</AF>
<DT>Publication en série; Niveau analytique</DT>
<SO>Journal of geophysical research; ISSN 0148-0227; Etats-Unis; Da. 2004; Vol. 109; No. D19; D19304.1-D19304.14; Bibl. 37 ref.</SO>
<LA>Anglais</LA>
<EA>CO is a well-suited indicator for the transport of pollutants in the troposphere on a regional and global scale. For the study presented here, simulations of CO concentrations from a global chemistry transport model (MOZART-2), with the CO being tagged according to the emission type and the source region, have been used to diagnose the contributions of different processes and regions to the CO burden over Europe. Model simulations have been performed with both a priori emissions and an optimized set of CO surface emissions derived from the inversion of CO retrievals of the Measurements of Pollution in the Troposphere (MOPITT) remote sensing instrument. The annual mean difference between the modeled and the observed CO at 850 hPa over Europe is -38 ± 13 ppb with the a priori set of emissions and -7 ± 7 ppb when the optimized emissions are employed in the model. The general difficulties arising from an intercomparison of remote sensing data with model simulations are discussed. Besides data from MOPITT, ground-based CO measurements have been employed in the evaluation of the model and its emissions. The comparisons show that the model represents the background conditions as well as large-scale transport relatively well. The budget analysis reveals the predominant impact of the European emissions on CO concentrations near the surface, and a strong impact of sources from Asia and North America on the CO burden in the free troposphere over Europe. On average, the largest contribution (67%) to the anthropogenic (fossil and biofuel sources, biomass burning) CO at the surface originates from regional anthropogenic sources, but further significant impact is evident from North America (14%) and Asia (15%). With increasing altitude, anthropogenic CO from Asia and North America gains in importance, reaching maximum contributions of 32% for North American CO at 500 hPa and 50% for Asian CO at 200 hPa. The impact of European emissions weakens with increasing altitude (8% at 500 hPa).</EA>
<CC>220; 001E</CC>
<FD>Simulation; Europe; Indicateur; Transport; Polluant; Troposphère; Monde; Concentration; Modèle; Problème inverse; Pollution; Télédétection; Instrumentation; Asie; Amérique du Nord; Feu végétation; Facteur anthropique; Altitude</FD>
<ED>simulation; Europe; indicators; transport; pollutants; troposphere; global; concentration; models; inverse problem; pollution; remote sensing; instruments; Asia; North America; Vegetation fire; Anthropogenic factor; altitude</ED>
<SD>Simulación; Europa; Transporte; Contaminante; Mundo; Concentración; Modelo; Problema inverso; Polución; Detección a distancia; Instrumentación; Asia; America del norte; Fuego vegetación; Factor antrópico; Altitud</SD>
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Evaluation of CO simulations and the analysis of the CO budget for Europe

Evaluation of CO simulations and the analysis of the CO budget for Europe

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